Henry III (19 September 1551 – 2 August 1589; born AlexandreHenry III of France - Wikipedia. Henry III (1. 9 September 1. He was the last French monarch of the Valois dynasty. Use xLyriX to find your favorite song lyrics. All lyrics are property and copyright of their owners. All lyrics provided for educational purposes only. Biography and wiki of richest celebrities: Mikl Film henrik scheele ke sta Furk.net is your personal secure storage that fetches media files and lets you stream them immediately You can use it to stream video or listen to your music from PC. As the fourth son of King Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici, Henry was not expected to assume the throne of France. He was thus a good candidate for the vacant Polish throne, and he was elected with the dual titles King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania. Henry's rule over Poland was brief, but notable. The Henrician Articles he signed into law accepting the Polish throne established Poland as an elective monarchy subject to free election by the Polish nobility. Of his three older brothers, two would live long enough to ascend the French throne, but both died young and without a legitimate male heir. He abandoned Poland upon receiving word that he had inherited the throne of France at the age of 2. The kingdom of France was at the time plagued by the Wars of Religion, and Henry's authority was undermined by violent political parties funded by foreign powers: the Catholic League (supported by Spain), the Protestant Huguenots (supported by England and the Dutch) and the Malcontents, led by Henry's own brother, the Duke of Alen. Henry III was himself a politique, arguing that a strong and religiously tolerant monarchy would save France from collapse. After the death of Henry's younger brother Francis, Duke of Anjou, and when it became apparent that Henry would not produce an heir, the Wars of Religion grew into a succession crisis that resulted in a war known as the War of the Three Henrys. Links to watch this Hungary Drama Movie online Toggle navigation. Related movies & TV IV. FilmKatalogus - Mozi, Filmek, Szin. Az egyik legnagyobb magyar filmes port. Filmek ABC sorrendben. Henry III's legitimate heir was his distant cousin Henry, King of Navarre, a Protestant. The Catholic League, led by Henry I, Duke of Guise, sought to exclude Protestants from the succession and championed the Catholic Charles, Cardinal of Bourbon, as Henry III's heir. In 1. 58. 9, Jacques Cl. His older brothers were Francis II of France, Charles IX of France, and Louis of Valois. He was made Duke of Angoul. His elder brother, Charles, grew to detest him, partially because he resented his better health. Unlike his father and elder brothers, he had little interest in the traditional Valois pastimes of hunting and physical exercise. Although he was both fond of fencing and skilled in it, he preferred to indulge his tastes for the arts and reading. These predilections were attributed to his Italian mother. At one point in his youth he showed a tendency towards Protestantism as a means of rebelling. At the age of nine, calling himself . His mother firmly cautioned her children against such behaviour, and he would never again show any Protestant tendencies. Instead, he became nominally Roman Catholic. Certainly he enjoyed intense relationships with them. Jean- Francois Solnon. They have concluded that the idea he was homosexual was promoted by his political opponents (both Protestant and Catholic) who used his dislike of war and hunting to depict him as effeminate and undermine his reputation with the French people. Certainly his religious enemies plumbed the depths of personal abuse in attributing vices to him, topping the mixture with accusations of what they regarded as the ultimate devilish vice, homosexuality. And the portrait of a self- indulgent sodomite, incapable of fathering an heir to the throne, proved useful in efforts by the Catholic League to secure the succession for Cardinal Charles de Bourbon after 1. Elizabeth, almost 3. However, nothing came of these discussions. In initiating them, Elizabeth is viewed by historians as having intended only to arouse the concern of Spain, rather than contemplate marriage seriously. The chance of marriage was further blighted by differing religious views (Henry was Catholic, Elizabeth Protestant) and his opinion of Elizabeth. Henry tactlessly referred to Elizabeth as a putain publique (public whore) and made stinging remarks about their difference in age. Upon hearing (inaccurately) that she limped because of a varicose vein, he called her an . While still Duke of Anjou, he also became involved in the plot for the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre of 1. Though Henry did not participate directly, historian Thierry Wanegffelen sees him as the royal- family member most responsible for the massacre, which involved the killing of thousands of Huguenots. Henry III's reign as King of France, like those of his elder brothers Francis II and Charles IX, would see France in constant turmoil over religion. Henry continued to take an active role in the French Wars of Religion, and in 1. La Rochelle, a massive military assault on the Huguenot- held city of La Rochelle by Catholic troops during the fourth phase of the Wars of Religion. At the end of May 1. Henry learned that the Polish szlachta had elected him as King of Poland, a country with a large Protestant minority, and political considerations forced him to negotiate an end to the assault. Negotiators reached an agreement on 2. June 1. 57. 3, and Catholic troops ended the siege on 6 July 1. King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1. The Lithuanian nobles boycotted this election, however, and it was left to the Lithuanian ducal council to confirm his election. Henry left the siege following their visit. On 2. 1 February, Henry's coronation was held in Krak. The young king and his followers were astonished by several Polish practices and disappointed by the rural poverty and harsh climate of the country. At Wawel, the French were introduced to new technologies of septic facilities, in which litter (excrement) was taken outside the castle walls. Michael, which had lost much of its original prestige by being awarded too frequently and too readily. The Order would retain its prestige as the premier chivalric order of France until the end of the French monarchy. French reign (1. 57. Although he was expected to produce an heir after he married Louise of Lorraine on 1. February 1. 57. 5, no issue resulted from their union. In 1. 57. 6, Henry signed the Edict of Beaulieu, which granted many concessions to the Huguenots. His action resulted in the Catholic activist Henry I, Duke of Guise, forming the Catholic League. After much posturing and negotiations, Henry was forced to rescind most of the concessions that had been made to the Protestants in the edict. In 1. 58. 4, the King's youngest brother and heir presumptive, Francis, Duke of Anjou, died. Under Salic Law, the next heir to the throne was Protestant Henry of Navarre, a descendant of Louis IX (Saint Louis). Under pressure from the Duke of Guise, Henry III issued an edict suppressing Protestantism and annulling Henry of Navarre's right to the throne. On 1. 2 May 1. 58. Duke of Guise entered Paris, an apparently spontaneous Day of the Barricades erupted in favor of the Catholic champion. Henry III fled the city. Following the defeat of the Spanish Armada that summer, the king's fear of Spanish support for the Catholic League apparently waned. Accordingly, on 2. December 1. 58. 8, at the Ch. The duke was told that the king wished to see him in the private room adjoining the royal bedroom. There, royal guardsmen murdered the duke, then the cardinal. To make certain that no contender for the French throne was free to act against him, the king had the duke's son imprisoned. The Duke of Guise had been very popular in France, and the citizenry turned against Henry for the murders. The Parlement instituted criminal charges against the king, and he was compelled to join forces with his heir, the Protestant Henry of Navarre, by setting up the Parliament of Tours. Overseas relations. The request came from the Moroccan prince Abd al- Malik, who had been saved by B. In 1. 58. 8, he granted Jacques No. The monk gave the king a bundle of papers and stated that he had a secret message to deliver. The king signalled for his attendants to step back for privacy, and Cl. The following morning, the day that he was to have launched his assault to retake Paris, Henry III died. Chaos swept the attacking army, most of it quickly melting away; the proposed attack on Paris was postponed. Inside the city, joy at the news of Henry III's death was near delirium; some hailed the assassination as an act of God. Childless, he was the longest- living of Henry II's sons to have become king and also the last of the Valois kings. Henry III of Navarre succeeded him as Henry IV, the first of the kings of the House of Bourbon. References in works of fiction. He is portrayed by the British- born American actor Maxfield Stanley. The French movies La Reine Margot (1. La Reine Margot (1. Alexandre Dumas, p. Bartholomew's Day Massacre. In the 1. 99. 4 film, Henry is played by the actor Pascal Greggory. In Dumas' novel, Henri was not portrayed as homosexual, whereas, in the 1. In the 1. 99. 4 film, he was portrayed as a more sinister character, bisexual and showing sexual interest in his sister. His brother dies by being accidentally poisoned by his mother, who had intended to kill Henry of Navarre instead. As the Duke of Anjou, the future Henry III plays a significant role in the French film The Princess of Montpensier, based on the novel of the same title by Madame de La Fayette. The film Elizabeth, released in 1. Elizabeth I of England and Henry III whilst he was still Duke of Anjou. In reality, the two never met and the Queen of England was actually courted nearly ten years later by his younger brother Fran. The film borrows some of the aspects of Henry III's life and features Anjou as a comical foolish transvestite. The role is portrayed by the French actor Vincent Cassel. In the film Dangerous Beauty, he has an assignation with the main character, the Venetian courtesan Veronica Franco. Visiting a Venice eager for military aid, the . His friend Nangis changes places with him, but in the end, the plot fails and the curtain falls on Henri being crowned. See also. John, Count of Angoul. Charles, Count of Angoul. Francis I of France. Philip II, Duke of Savoy. Charles I de Valois, Duke of Orl. Louis XII of France. Francis II, Duke of Brittany. Anne, Duchess of Brittany. Henry III of France and I of Poland.
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